Guangzhou is a major centre of research and innovation in the Asia-Pacific with a high level of scientific research output, ranking 10th globally, 5th in the Asia-Pacific, and 4th in China, and is home to many of China's most prestigious universities, including Sun Yat-sen University, South China University of Technology, Jinan University, South China Normal University, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou University, Southern Medical University, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou Medical University, and Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. As of 2020, Guangzhou ranks 10th in the world and 5th in China (after Beijing, Shanghai, Hong Kong and Shenzhen) for the number of billionaire residents by the Hurun Global Rich List. The city hosts 65 foreign representatives, making it the third major city to host more foreign representatives than any other city in China after Beijing and Shanghai. As an important international city, Guangzhou has hosted numerous international and national sporting events, the most notable being the 2010 Asian Games, the 2010 Asian Para Games, and the 2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup. It is a leading financial centre in the Asia-Pacific region and ranks 21st globally in the 2020 Global Financial Centres Index. Guangzhou is highly ranked as an Alpha- (global first-tier) city together with San Francisco and Stockholm. ![]() For three consecutive years (2013–2015), Forbes ranked Guangzhou as the best commercial city in mainland China. ![]() In modern commerce, Guangzhou is best known for its annual Canton Fair, the oldest and largest trade fair in China. Guangzhou is the fifth most populous city by urban resident population in China after Shanghai, Beijing, Shenzhen and Chongqing. As of the 2020 census, the registered population of the city's expansive administrative area was 18,676,605 individuals (up 47% from the previous census in 2010) of whom 16,492,590 lived in 9 urban districts (all but Conghua and Zengcheng). Guangzhou has one of the most expensive real estate markets in China. The domestic migrant population from other provinces of China in Guangzhou was 40% of the city's total population in 2008. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, nationals of sub-Saharan Africa who had initially settled in the Middle East and Southeast Asia moved in unprecedented numbers to Guangzhou in response to the 1997/98 Asian financial crisis. Administratively, the city holds subprovincial status and is one of China's nine National Central Cities. Guangzhou is at the heart of the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macau Greater Bay Area, the most-populous built-up metropolitan area in the world, which extends into the neighboring cities of Foshan, Dongguan, Zhongshan, Shenzhen and part of Jiangmen, Huizhou, Zhuhai and Macau, forming the largest urban agglomeration on Earth with approximately 65,594,622 residents and part of the Pearl River Delta Economic Zone. Due to worldwide travel restrictions at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport, the major airport of Guangzhou, briefly became the world's busiest airport by passenger traffic in 2020. Due to a high urban population and large volumes of port traffic, Guangzhou is classified as a Large-Port Megacity, the largest type of port-city in the world. No longer enjoying a monopoly after the war, it lost trade to other ports such as Hong Kong and Shanghai, but continued to serve as a major transshipment port. For a long time, the only Chinese port accessible to most foreign traders, Guangzhou was captured by the British during the First Opium War. Located on the Pearl River about 120 km (75 mi) north-northwest of Hong Kong and 145 km (90 mi) north of Macau, Guangzhou has a history of over 2,200 years and was a major terminus of the maritime Silk Road it continues to serve as a major port and transportation hub as well as being one of China's three largest cities. Guangzhou ( UK: / ɡ w æ ŋ ˈ dʒ oʊ/, US: / ɡ w ɒ ŋ-/ simplified Chinese: 广州 traditional Chinese: 廣州 pinyin: Guǎngzhōu Cantonese pronunciation: or ( listen)), also known as Canton ( / k æ n ˈ t ɒ n/ and alternatively romanized as Kwongchow or Kwangchow), is the capital and largest city of Guangdong province in southern China. "Guangzhou" in Simplified (top) and Traditional (bottom) Chinese characters
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